Stove



'UNTTED sTATEs PATENT oEEroE.

GARDNER OHILSON, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

STOVE.

Speccation of Letters Patent No. 8,366, dated September 16, 1851.

To aZZ whom may concern:

Be it known that I, GARDNER Cr-IILsoN, of Boston, in the county ofSuffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Heating Apparatus Applicable to Stoves, Furnaces, &c.,and that the following description, taken in connection with theaccompanying draw.- ings, hereinafter referred to, forms a full andexact specification of the same, wherein I have set forth the nature andprinciples of my said improvements, by which my invention may bedistinguished from others of a similar class, together with such partsas I claim and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent.

The distinguishing features of my improvements consistin elongatingtaperingand bending the fire chamber, so as to have three or moreparallel or nearly parallel branches thereof, the tapering being gradualfrom the top of the fire pot or from the bottom of the stove to thepoint of exit which is at the end of the last branch of said firechamber. The effect of this arrangement is such, that as the heat andother products of combustion become exhausted, the surface through whichthe heat is to be radiated is diminished accordingly, while the taperingof the lire chamber, keeps the products of combustion from escaping,until all the heat is extracted therefrom. I also, as a secondimprovement, combine with the arrangement above described, an attachmentor cap, on the top of the same, which operates as a distributer anddiffuser of the heat, by which the heat is prevented from beingimmediately concentrated in the upper part of the room, and a more eventemperature is kept therein, cold air being supplied to thisdistributer, by a pipe conducting from the vicinity of the oor. f

The figures of the accompanying plate of drawings represent myimprovements.

Figure l is a front elevation of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is a horizontalsection taken in the plane of the line A B Fig. l and Fig. 3 is a sideelevation a a a a is the tire pot which extends as high as the bottom ofthe door b b through which the fuel is fed. Said fire pot has at itsbottom a circular grate c c' eccentrically hung, the ashes being siftedthrough the spaces in the grate, by the bent lever eZ, in the way wellunderstood where the lever grates are used. The ash pit e e is beneathsaid grate c c and rests on the base or hearth plate j' f. The tire potis broad and shallow, having a smaller diameter at the bottom than atthe top, and rests on an annular bed plate above the ash pit e c, whichextends to the outer casing. This arrangement, which is shown by dottedlines in Fig. l, leaves a space ZL ZL around the fire pot, whichprevents the external air from coming in contact with the exterior ofsaid pot, and keeps the fuel evenly ignited, causing slow combustion.The exterior casing z' Z, 7c Zu, and Z Z rests on the hearth plates,and, as above suggested, is formed into three branches, denoted by z'z', 7c 7c, and Z Z, the branch z' z' being an ascending flue, the branch70 la a descending flue, and that denoted at Z Z being again anascending flue, and the whole casing, above the top of the lire pot,forming a radiator, which has a regular taper from the base plate j f tothe mouth of the third branch Z Z, 'which should be large enough toallow the smallest escape of smoke to keep the fuel ignited. The threebranches should be of about an equal length, and may have the relativeposition shown in Fig. 2, or any other desired arrangement, being joinedtogether by arches which have a regular curve, or with joints in them,as shown in the drawings.

Out of or near the center of the first arched bend, projects the smokepipe m m, shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2, for the direct draft inkindling, in which a damper is fitted at n. n, so as to be very tight tobe closed when the fire is kindled, and then the smoke, &c., iscompelled to traverse the whole length of the radiator.

In or near the lower bend or arch, just above the base plate, is a door0 Fig. 3, the object of which is, to remove the soot and ashes that mayaccumulate in the bend. rThis door also serves to ventilate the roomwhen it becomes too warm or the air is impure, as by opening said doorthe air of the rcom will pass up through the branch Z Z and escapethrough its end or through the smoke pipe. The cap or distributer, abovereferred to, is represented at Q Q, and is of the shape of an inverteddish cover with a flaring edge fr r, and extending down some 15 inchesor more. It rests, by means of the in its rear which tits over the smokepipe m m. Cold air is supplied to this distributer by means of the longpipe u u, Which eX- tends to a pointI near the bottom of the apparatus,its top opening into the dist-ributer, about half Way up the same. Thiscurrent of cold air, thus introduced, eXpels the heat that is radiatedand collected under the cap, causing it to descend and mingle with thecurrents in the lower part of the room, in other Words, the cap catchesthe heat, and the current of cold air eXpels it, and diffuses the heat,making it mingle with the currents near the floor, in lieu of escapingimmediately after being radiated, to the ceiling.

It will be seen that the discharging mouth of the radiator at the end ofthe branch Z Z thereof, enters into the smoke pipe m m through which thesmoke, &c., in the direct draft for kindling passes, by Whicharrangement, it Will be seen, that the cold air will be exhausted fromthe radiator into the smoke pipe While the fire is being kindled, andthe long draft through the radiator, be

made more certain When the direct draft is 4 closed.

The distinguishing peculiarity, hereinabove described, of myimprovements, viz., the tapering of the radiator and forming it inbranches as set forth, produces an effect of consuming entirely thegases, &c., Without increasing the combustion of the fuel. This has beendeemed a great desideratum in heat-ing apparat-us, and hitherto theconsum- -ing of the gas has been only effected by introducing jets ofcold air to ignite the gases, but this increases the combustion andconsumption of the fuel.

Having thus described my improvements I shall stat-e my claims asfollows.

What I claim as my invent-ion and desire to have secured to me byLetters Patent, is*

Forming the tapering radiator produced by extending the fire chamber, asabove set forth, in branches arranged With their center llines parallelto each other or nearly so and connected by arches, substantially in themanner above set forth.

' GARDNER CHILSON. Witnesses:

EzRA LINCOLN, HENRY F. CoNANT.

